5/28/2023 0 Comments Puc colloquy![]() ![]() For more established NLO processes (e.g., harmonic generation, parametric processes, linear electro-optic effect, etc.) the subjects are well studied and the importance of various materials properties on the NLO process are known, though these properties are not necessarily predictable, controllable, or optimized in current materials.A decade ago, having been introduced to NLO phenomena through postdoctoral research, I had an opportunity to define and pursue an NLO research program at Xerox's Webster Research Center. photorefrac-tion, and optical bistability, logic and computing). Today the line between materials and NLO processes has become fuzzy, particularly for newer NLO processes (e.g. Were very exciting but speculative, being technologically feasible only if new classes of materials could be developed The subject of materials in nonlinear optics (NLO) encompasses a wide range of important topics. With ring microresonator devices, active wavelength division multiplexing, optical network reconfiguration, and laser frequency tuning are straightforwardly accomplished. Conformal, flexible, and three-dimensional devices are also readily produced. An under-appreciated advantage of organic electro-optic materials is their processability, and a variety of stripline, cascaded prism and super-prism, and ring microresonator devices are readily fabricated. Moreover, robust and low optical loss materials can be fabricated by design. Owing to low and relatively dispersionless dielectric constants and refractive indicies, organic materials facilitate the fabrication of devices with 3 dB operational bandwidths of greater than 100 GHz. Such calculations also provide insight into what further improvements can be expected. ![]() Quantum and statistical mechanical calculations provide the basis for rational improvement of these parameters leading to electro-optic coefficients (at telecommunication wavelengths) of greater than 100 pm/V (a factor of 3 larger than values for the best inorganic material, lithium niobate). The macroscopic electrooptic activity of organic materials depends upon the molecular hyperpolarizability, beta, of individual organic chromophores and upon the product of number density, N, and noncentrosymmetric order, , of the chromophores in a hardened polymer lattice.
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